Sports and animals Essay Example for Free

Sports and animals Essay This would explain the large quantity of participants remembering Uganda and chimpanzee, for example, as they are very infrequently used and may have stood out from the more generic words in the table. This may also account for why words like China, cow and swimming were frequently forgotten: they are neither very common nor uncommon in their usage in everyday life, nor are they stereotypical of their respective categories. What is meant by this is if the question was asked name a sport, it is unlikely that the answer swimming would be given, whereas football would be a more likely answer, despite swimming being a relatively common word to encounter. This builds on the idea of categories acting as recognition cues for subsequent words. Also interesting was the distribution of recalls by category: colours were recalled the most frequently (85/120), compared with sports and animals (both 77/120) and, least frequently, countries (64/120). There could be several explanations for this, but it appears to constitute primarily of two factors: the frequency of usage, and the size of the categories domains. For example, colours are frequently used words and there are relatively few words that fall under that category; sports and animals are also categories from which often-used words are drawn, but there are many more words that fit into them than there are for colours; and countries are less frequently-used words. Therefore, a decrease in common usage and an increase in size may lead to proactive interference, causing more confusion and, occasionally, incorrect words to be recalled. This is demonstrated, for example, in that the word America was recalled three times despite it not being on any of the lists (see Appendix 1). In the results from Condition B, there is also evidence that primacy and recency may have occurred. Respectively, green and dog are the first and last words on the grid, and they were recalled by 10 and 9, respectively, of the 10 participants in that condition. No such effect was found, however, in Condition A, suggesting that the order in which words are sequenced has little effect if there is a more significant method of organisation present (in this case, categories). These patterns indicate that organisation is the key factor in remembering information, but at any one time there may be several methods of organisation occurring simultaneously, such as the words semantic categories, the order that the words are written down, and the frequency of the words usage, among others.  This study did, however, have limitations; the most prominent of which is the potential lack of population validity as a result of the relatively small sample size used and the highly restricted age group from which participants were drawn. This could be overcome in future research by widening the target population and using a larger sample in order to identify trends in more detail. In terms of ecological validity, the study uses artificial stimuli to test memory, and naturally occurring stimuli could be used instead in order to observe the effects of organisation on learning in a natural setting and thus improve the ecological validity. There are implications of this study for many aspects of life which involve learning, but particularly education. It has shown that information is better learnt when organised, either upon presentation or as a mental process. The implication of this is that pupils and students may learn information more efficiently through teaching methods involving organising information into structures and providing tasks to do so if the information is not already organised. The former would provide explicit organisation, and the latter would allow individual pupils and students to find their own ways to learn greater amounts of information. Future research might aim to investigate further into the effects of categorisation. This could be done by using a larger list of words or by drawing words from more distinct categories, and observing if, how and how much participants categorise these words; and relating this to the amount of information they remember. A wider target population would also be beneficial. It is often cited that children learn information more efficiently than older adults, and giving participants from the two age groups the same task and comparing the results would provide insight into how the process of learning is different between them, if indeed it is different. To conclude, this study has found no significant effect of organisation of information upon the learning of this information, but organisation cannot be ruled out as a significant factor. It may be the case that organisation upon encoding, rather than presentation, is the factor that determines the storage of the information. This organisation may be in the form of categorisation, but individual differences exist with regard to how this information is organised. Other factors may be how commonly the information is experienced in the given context, and how many recognition cues are available for the information to be recalled. References BOUSFIELD, W.A. (1953). The occurrence of clustering in the recall of randomly arranged associates. Journal of General Psychology, 49, pp. 229-240.  BOWER, G.H., CLARK, M.C., LESGOLD, A.M. WINZENZ, D. (1969). Hierarchical retrieval schemes in recall of categorized word lists. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour, 8, pp. 323-343.

Racial Profiling Essay Example for Free

Racial Profiling Essay Introduction What is racial profiling? The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) defines racial profiling as â€Å"the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individual’s race, ethnicity, religion or national origin† (2005). Do not confuse racial profiling with criminal profiling; criminal profiling is usually practiced by police in which they use a group of characteristics that are associated with crime to target individuals (ACLU, 2005). Examples of racial profiling include using ones race to target specific drivers for traffic violations and pedestrians for illegal contraband; another prime example is the targeting of Muslims, Arabs, and South Asians since 9/11 in regards to minor immigrant violations without any connection to the attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon (ACLU, 2005). Without a doubt, racial profiling occurs on a daily basis all over the world; however let’s focus on racial profiling in the United States and specifically right here in our homeland, Michigan. Background History When did racial profiling first begin? Even though racial profiling still exists today, it is not a recently new phenomenon. Racial profiling can date back to the 1700s when slavery was a common way of life for many African Americans. Like present-day racial profiling, one’s skin color is what has made them subject to discriminatory treatment from law enforcement (Rushing, K., 2013). In South Carolina, white men policed the black slaves on plantations and hunted for escaped slaves; this was referred to as â€Å"slave patrol†. Most slaves were not free, and if they were they had to carry freedom papers or a pass to prove that they had permission to be off of the plantation (Rushing, K., 2013). If a black person was found to have run away they were beaten, whipped or even killed as the consequence. Even into the 20th century, after slavery, blacks were again forced into another form of involuntary servitude called convict leasing; this is where they were leased to work fo r private companies, whether it be on plantations or railroads and coal mines (Rushing, K., 2013). Regardless of what the 14th amendment states in the Constitution, laws were still broken and applied differently to blacks and whites. This became a major issue when the War on Drugs began in 1982. Reagan wanted to stop drug use and sales with ruthless sentencing  laws; they focused on urban black neighborhoods to promote anti-drug efforts. Although the prison population tripled there were substantial racial disparities; in 2010 the US Bureau of Justice Statistics indicated that black males had an imprisonment rate that was nearly seven times higher than white men (Rushing, K., 2013). And the rate of incarceration among black women was almost three times that of white women; a Human Rights Watch study in 2009 showed that blacks are arrested at much higher rates than whites even though they commit drug offense at comparable rates (Rushing, K., 2013). Racial profiling isn’t spec ifically focused on drug offenses but focuses on any form of crime being committed by any person who isn’t of white decent. There are many notorious instances where racial profiling has occurred including bicycling while black and brown in Eastpointe, Michigan, walking while black and brown in New York City, and gang database racial profiling in Orange County, California. In Eastpointe, 21 young black youths were stopped by police because they were riding their bicycles through a white suburb. The ACLU joined the suite against Eastpointe, Michigan, to represent the youths. They argued that the â€Å"bicyclists were stopped in this predominantly white suburb of Detroit because of their race and not because they were doing anything wrong† (ACLU, 2005). In 1996 a memo sent to the Eastpointe City Manager had a statement from the former police chief that he instructed his officers to investigate any black youths riding through Eastpointe subdivisions. Through extensive searching of police logs, it was found that Eastpointe had over 100 incidents between 1995 and 1998 just like this one (ACLU, 2005). In New York City’s police department report in December 1999, the stop and frisk practices showed to be greatly based on race. In NYC, blacks make up 25.6% of the city’s population, Hispanics 23.7% and whites are 43.4% of NYC population. However, according to the report, 50.6% of all persons stopped were black, 33% were Hispanic, and only 12.9% were white. As you can see, more than half of the individuals who were stopped were black, 62.7% to be exact (ACLU, 2013). In Orange County, California Latinos, Asians and African Americans were more than 90% of the 20,221 men and women in the Gang Reporting Evaluation and Tracking System (ACLU, 2013). Clearly this database record shows racial profiling occurred when the total population in the database made up less than half of Orange County’s population. This is when the California Advisory Committee of the  U.S. Commission on Civil Rights and the ACLU stepped in. One other instance of racial profiling I’d like to discuss occurred in Maricopa County, Arizona. A court ruled in May 2013 that â€Å"sheriff Joe Arpaio’s routine handling of people of Latino descent amounted to racial and ethnic profiling†; according to CNN, the sheriff’s office had a history of targeting vehicles with those having darker skin, examining them more strictly and taking them into custody more often than others (CNN, 2014). Judge Murray Snow ordered a monitor to oversee retraining in this office and to create a community advisory board to prevent further racial profiling; retraining and monitoring the sheriff’s office will cost the county $21,943,107 over the next year and a half (CNN, 2014). As you can see from the information above, racial profiling is still an issue in present America. In today’s policing environment especially, race relations is one of the most important issues and challenges; to the point of state legislatures contemplating bans on racial profiling, mandate data collection, require police officer training, make funds available for video cameras in police cars and other measures to help put a stop to racial profiling (Portis, E., 2001). Issues/Problems a. Why racial profiling is an issue b. What problems have resulted from racial profiling i. Death c. What problems have occurred because of racial profiling II. Racial Profiling the Law a. Past/Present laws on racial profiling in Michigan i. House Bill 4927- Racial sensitivity training retrain officers guilty of racial profiling, along with instructing Michigan’s attorney general’s office to investigate stop search patterns (Police Foundation, 2005). b. Past/Present court cases in Michigan c. Public attention i. Racial profiling costing Arizona $22 million – to retrain officers and monitor the retraining (CNN, 2014). III. Conclusion a. Solutions to racial profiling i. Retraining police departments Sources: American Civil Liberties Union [ACLU]. (2014). Racial Profiling: Definition. Retrieved February 21, 2014 from: https://www.aclu.org/racial-justice/racial-profiling-definition CNN US. (2014). Racial profiling costs Arizona county $22 million. Retrieved February 21, 2014 from: http://www.cnn.com/2014/01/03/us/racial-profiling-payments/ Portis, Ervin. (2005). Racial Profiling: The State of the Law. Retrieved February 20, 2014 from: http://www.ethicsinstitute.com/pdf/Racial%20Profiling%20State%20Laws.pdf Rushing, Keith. (2013). Dissecting the Long, Deep, Roots of Racial Profiling in America. Retrieved February 20, 2014 from: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/keith- rushing/dissecting-racial-profiling_b_2740246.html

A Critical Evaluation Of Nestle

A Critical Evaluation Of Nestle Introduction of Company (Nestle) The company Nestle is recognised as a famous and leading food manufacturing company in the world over 130 from its establishment. It deals with the business of food and Agriculture raw material. These two parts are very important and are indispensible part of each community in the world. At present time the company has been enjoying the privilege of being worlds largest and diversified company in the sector of food and agriculture Raw materials and it possesses about 500 factories all over the world in 80 countries. Company profile Nestle has its headquarter in Switzerland, Vevey and it was founded in 1866 by Sir Henri Nestle and at present this has been recognised as the biggest beverages and food company. At the end of the year 2004 were 87 bn. this had net profit of 6.7 bn. The company has around 247,000 employees. The company undergoes many guding principle for the better outputs. Nestlà ©s obtainable products rise from beginning to end with novelty and renewal at the same time as uphold a equilibrium in geographic behavior and manufactured goods lines. Long-standing potential is by no means sacrificed for temporary or short range feat. The Companys main concern is to convey the most excellent and most appropriate foodstuffs to populace, where on earth they are, what on earth their requirements, all through their existences.(www.nestle.com) Corporate Communication Strategy of Nestle The corporate communication strategy is an important part of any business. In any business good communication has to be established for the effective running of the business (Oliver, et al 2007). There must be good communication between the staff, management and customers. This strategy has to be adopted from the bottom to up which covers employees, customers suppliers, investors and management as the area of corporate communication strategy is important for the consideration of change management and corporate governance. This strategy has been developed by keep in mind the mission, policies, vision, corporate culture and strategies which exists in the internal environment of the organization but this must has center of attention over external communication environment assessment. In nestle communication management is the result of planning and implementations of strategies set by the senior practitioners in relation with the top management of the company. The company decides that how and which kind of relationship they need for the business with regards to the stakeholders and management. As the success and failure of the company depends upon the planning and setting up of this corporate communication strategy and its effective implementation. For the Nestle as studies there are following strategy followed for the getting up in the market. Mission of the Company The Nestle has believed in the research criteria and these results in the understanding of the people or customers needs from the company and products. As the hygienic and good food is the main source of the life and good health, the company has concentration to make and provide a good food for the customers and people. For the fulfillment of their aim to provide good and fresh food to the consumers the company has introduced a policy named SHE i.e. Safety, Health and Environment polity in order to protect the health and to keep the environment clean for all. Vision of Company Vision of Nestle Company is based on the expansion of their business appropriate to the rising demands of marketplace. As per the vision of the company it has the target in 2020 production capacity of all plants to be increased at the higher level.   Aims of the company The main aims of the company Nestle are as follow: To be spirited for the competition as they looked for many years that customers are drifted towards the pricing strategy and also have move towards the promotions. To obtain a cost-effective growth To privileged the UK trades and not stops thinking about other countries in the world that pay money for Nestle products. To bring up on getting better their marketplace shares. To put up for sale more than competitors similar to well known and appreciated corporations like Mars and Cadbury. The main objectives of the company are as follow: To put together enhancement and developments to their goods and manufacturers in order to make the customer happy and satisfied. To bring on manufacturing new products to go on customers pleased. To do well in implementation their aims and objectives, company Nestle knows that it is not easy to do so. So in to maintain them Nestle will carry on giving lots of commitment to the companies principles in preparation, development and employ practices, which will then expectantly formulate them a constant superior corporation! Corporate Issues in Nestle Communication management a) External and Internal communication   External Communication The nestle is very much conscious about the external communication in which the company deals with its customers and suppliers and also it related to the promotions by external means like advertisements, publicity etc. The external communication in nestle (www.nestle.com , 2003) is based on the following principles: The communication in nestle consumer relation is based on the reflection that there is moderation of food consumption so that to avoid the problem of overeating. Especially with relation to children The communication ensures the healthy and balanced diet. The advertising strategy for the company must not imply just replacement of food items with pleasure or snack food instead of heavy food and snacking. The advertising by nestle is such that it dedicated children that does not destabilize the authority and responsibility of the parents. The advertising is away from the unsafe situations. The communication is based on the health benefits and products provide sound nutrition basis. Communication is away from the violence, profanity and bad manners. Avoid the dangerous consumption of the products. Advertising Strategy Advertising is a power tool for the communication in the market. This help to increase the sale of the products. This creates image of the products in the mind of the customers and they intend to buy them. The ways used for the advertising by nestle are television, radio, newspaper, bill boards, hoardings etc. Internal communication For the internal communication the nestle follow the appropriate strategy in which there is effective communication between the top management and their parts of the management (Jaine, 2002). In internal communication the ICT technology is used to transfer the information across the various departments of the company. There is provision of meetings and conferences to discuss the matters with the staff and employees. The company has effective internal communication. Corporation communication Identity The identity of the company is taken as the food and beverages and is recognised by the images and its products. Image and identity both are in the category of information. Reputation Reputation is considered as the total assessment of the company admired by the customers. Nestle has good reputation in this relation in the market and is enjoying the top position in the market due to its reputation. Image Image is very useful in the process of communication. This serves as the tool for the marketing. For Nestle it has its own brand images. There are some images are shown here for the company. http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTitCJKrMR8srkmvBy4CN-zecX7gitNhR2ghUAiREgxEp32CaB8 http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTZSirRl5_PrLhaFwz7oNQ9Ku-10n9n2AGUnucKwrGjvmNOc8aN http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR5bicPv6dFHOCS0l0FTQtJkUZrzxsqXmuO4qfIyUoEMmi-qjbR0g http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSJBV1oQBcFdHG4Wcpwf-tBDv-D-9E-sE_N9lHDxKwVo1tQInMJ Organisational Culture of the company The organisational culture is consists of the representative performance outlines and principles that symbolize the company (Edger, 2010). Organisational culture of any organisation can be experienced by only spending little time with the organisation and in its environment. The communication is that source in the organisation that reflects the organisation culture of that company. There are number of aspects that Nestle has in context to values and this results in the working practice and their relationship with the employees. This includes the showing or presenting respect for different culture and encourage the employees of the nestle to work according to the company strategy and course i.e. fairness, honesty and concern of the people. The organisational culture during the work response to the various changes both in the external as well as internal environment in the Nestle. The international meetings and conferences that lead to the thinking process regarding the various government regulation and other investors and their activities for the business. in the present time the company Nestle has developed a system called environment Management System and system of environment auditing. In this there is concentration pay on the sustainable developments of the values and principles into the organisational culture of the company that reflects the good communication among all the departments of the company (www.nestle.com). The following diagram shows the organisational structure of the company Nestle in detail. organogram Role of Technology The technology in nestle is so designed that it provide accurate and consistent information over the various activities of the groups. The technology is set according to the environment friendly concept and the communication is secured by the available means from the inside and outside of the company and group. Nestle also considered its responsibility to create awareness, provide training and motivation by the means of use of technology with regards to the effective communication at external and internal level. PTC (Product technology centre) in Nestle is the part of worldwide network and this has focus on the excellence of the quality. This help to get lead in the way or methods to develop, process and packaged. At this place there is interface between the creativity and practical ideas. Role of HR in Nestle Communication The value of the HR functions is widely accepted in the companies and Nestle is a Human Company and it has good impact of HR over its communication corporation. This would help the company to protect against moving downward in the hard competition. Effective management of human resources in Nestle involves the recruiting, training and maintain of the staff according to the needs of the company. This reflects the good level of communication among the staff and employees of the company. The employees are trained to handle the various tasks like to motivate the people, address them about the various issues they had, their culture benefits and other friendly communication with them. It is the responsibility of the HR to create the climate for the technology innovations and to see outside of the environment. This also helps in the accepting the changes. Conclusion It is here concluded that nestle is leading company in the sector of food and beverages. The success of company is depending upon the strategies and implementation of those strategies in the company. In this relation corporate communication is the most important part of the management as this provides the interface between the various departments of the company. If there is good implementation of communication strategy at internal and external level of the company then there is more change to get the success for the company. Nestle pays more emphasis over the communication strategy of the company. Recommendations There are some suggestions for the company regarding its communication management in order to get more advantages from this. First of all the company has to put new techniques for the internal implementation of communication. Regarding the receiving and transporting the information. Secondly regarding the advertisement the company has good strategy but due to globalisation and technology advancement there is need timely change to convey the messages to the consumers. For the suppliers and other investor the healthy way of communication is recommended. There should be encouragement of bottom up ideas rather than the top down ideas it will explore more ideas for the better communication. Media is very powerful tool in relation to the communication with customers and suppliers and even for the investors. This part should be considered importantly by the company.

Judiasm & Rastafarianism: A study of the Falashas Essay -- essays pape

Judiasm & Rastafarianism: A study of the Falashas In this research paper I will discuss the ethnic groups of Africans in the Caribbean and Jews in Ethiopia. Jews in Ethiopia call themselves Beta Israel which means `house of Israel.' They are also known as the Falashas. Falasha means `stranger' or `immigrant' in the classical language of Ethiopia (the Ge'ez tongue). I will also describe the culture of the African people displaced into the Caribbean who identify themselves as the Rastafarians and the connections I have made between them and Judaism. I believe that these connections between Judaism and Rastafarianism are more than just similarities that can be found between any two Bible- following religions. I choose the Falashas as the topic for personal, religious and spiritual reasons. I was born into a Jewish household, rich in the traditions and customs of my Hebrew ancestors. I grew up however in the Caribbean, home of the unique culture known as the Rastafari. Throughout my life I have felt a deep connection between Judaism and Rastafarianism. In this paper I seek the origins and history of the connection that I feel in my heart. I believe that the Falashas are the bridge between these two cultures. The connection of the Rastas to Ethiopia is a deep and mystical one. It would take hundreds of pages to illustrate the connections of this culture to Israel. In briefly describing their culture I attempt to illustrate what sparked my attention about the similarities between Jews, Falashas, and Rastas. The Rastas believe that they are originally and ancestrally Ethiopians. They were stolen from their homeland in times of slavery and brought to the `New World'. To say the least, the Rastafarians believe in many of the similar ... .... Leonard E. The Rastafarians. Boston: Beacon Press, 1977. Messing, Simon D. The story of the Falashas,"Black Jews"of Ethiopia. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Balshon Print. & Offset Co., 1982. Campbell, Horace. Rasta and Resistance. New Jersey: First Africa World Press Edition, 1987. White, Timothy. Catch A Fire. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1994. Steve Barrow and Peter Dalton. Reggae - The Rough Guide. London: Rough Guides, 1997. Chevannes, Barry. Rastafari - Roots and Ideology. New York: Syracuse Univ. Press, 1994. Rapoport, Louis. Redemption song: the story of Operation Moses. San Diego: Harcourt, 1986. Laing, Arlene. Introduction to Jamaica. URL:"http://lamar.colostate.edu/~laingg/" Eznoh, Michael. Jammin Reggae Archives. URL:"http://www.niceup.com/" Bob Marley - The Unofficial Home Page. URL:"http://www.won.nl/dsp/usr/svketel/Music/bmarley.html"

Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

When I was younger, I would often return home to a familiar question: So, what did you learn today? My answer would always be "nothing" or "stuff." As I look back, I never lied, yet, I never told the whole truth. Many people think that you don't know anything with only 18 years of experience; I think they're wrong. I've learned a lot about myself and others from the relationships I have built throughout the years. I believe my most important lessons were "people" lessons. Those are the ones which could never be taught out of a book or in a lecture; you have to go out and experience them for yourself. I have learned that you'll never know the answer if you don't ask the question. People like you for who your are, even if you wear watermelons on your head at homecoming, tight black leather pants for a fashion show, or get decked out in your parent's old polyester clothes for Disco Day. Everything is a give and take situation and we can never give enough. If you want to be heard, first you must listen. We are all different, yet very much the same. Everything I have just said can be ...

Einstein in love :: essays research papers

Einstein in Love: A Scientific Romance   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When I first heard saw the title of this book, I was immediately intrigued. How could Romance be scientific? It’s one thing to have science involved in romance, or to be a romantic scientist, but as much as I played with the semantics of the title I found myself being curiously sucked into its storyline. The basic premise of this book, as one might expect from the obvious title, is young Albert Einstein’s perspective of love and romance. I suppose that is entirely plausible for even a physicist to fall in love, but, rather than detail all of the gritty mathematics of physics it portrays how even the brightest, most ingenious of us all merely seeks to be normal and loved.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book opens with an Eighteen year old Einstein in Zurich pondering love and many other questions. Now at first glance I thought that it might go one of two ways: It’s going to focus on Einstein’s life, or it’s going to focus on his theories. It turns out that Dennis Overbye incorporates all of Einstein’s life, or at least the early part of it, and uses the environment around Einstein as an explanation for why he might have theorized exactly the way that he did.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is true that when viewing one’s surroundings one can usually gain a better understanding of a lot of things, particularly if one understands what is going around them. This is true for Einstein, and it was one of the major points that I took with me when I finished reading this book. Though Overbye does make a slight allusion that his love, Mileva Meric, was responsible for most of his theories, the dialogue between the two is somewhat lost, as the portion that would be her accounts on Special Relativity are all in letter form.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I feel that this novel is relative the seminar on Special Relativity because it portrays the Einstein we know as a young man who seeks out love, and who also desires answers to all of his questions. I feel that it is relevant not just because it is a book about Einstein, rather, because it is a book about a few great ideas: normalcy, love and of course the theory of Special Relativity. Occasionally I did find my mind wondering in the course of reading this book, but that was mainly due to the fact that I had other things running through my mind.

Roles and Functions

Managers, whether they manage a fast food restaurant or a major health facility, need to perform their job efficiently to ensure the success of their organization (Expert Manage, 2008). The management process is comprised of four main functions and when utilized properly can make an organization run smoothly. The four main functions are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. The first step in this process is planning what the nest course of action will be to achieve a pre-determined set of goals. A good manager determines the objective and what action needs to be taken to achieve those goals (Lombardi, Schermerhorn, Jr. , & Kramer, 2007). Organization is a crucial next step in the process. Managers, especially health care managers, need to be organized. Being organized can increase efficiency and productivity tremendously. This element in the process aids a manger when assigning specific duties to more than one individual, allocating resources’, and tracking the progression of the project. Leadership and control are the two final elements in the management process. Effective managers lead their team members by taking control of the project and determining the path that must be followed to ensure the success of the project. Managers must possess strong leadership skills. A strong leader leads by example, motivates and encourages team members to put forth their best effort. This can be achieved through open communication and mutual respect for one another. Health care managers can spend a significant amount of time communicating, decision making, problem solving, employee development, and collaborating with other departments/organizations (PubMed, 1999). All functions are important and work more efficiently when performed together; however effective leadership is crucial in the success of a health care organization. Strong leaders motivate their team members to perform at their highest level. The right motivation increases productivity, morale, and employee longevity rates. All these factors can ultimately increase patient satisfaction as well. One good manager can have a positive impact throughout an entire organization. Although I have not completed this class, my hope is to gain a better understanding of the management process and how to use the knowledge to become an asset to my organization. Whether I become a manager or a strong team member, I want to be able to lead or assist to the best of my ability. You are only as strong as the knowledge you posses, but it is also important to use that knowledge for the betterment of all. The success of any organization depends on the strength of that organization as a whole, and it takes more than one person to make that happen. My goal is to become one part of a successful organization no matter the title. References Lombardi, D. N., & Schermerhorn, J. R. (2007). Health care management: Tools and techniques for managing in a health care environment. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. Expert Manager, (2008). Four functions of management. Retrieved July 1, 2013 from: http://expertmanage.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=122&Itemid=166 PubMed.gov. (1999). Health care managers’ and administrators’ roles: Functions and responsibilities. Retrieved July 1, 2013 from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.gov/pubmed/10363017